Albert Einstein
- Born:
- March 14, 1879, Ulm, Württemberg, Germany
- Died:
- April 18, 1955, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
- Nationality:
- German (1879–1896), Swiss (1901–1955), American (1940–1955)
- Profession(s):
- Theoretical Physicist, Mathematician
Early Life and Education
- Born in Ulm, Germany, to Hermann and Pauline Einstein.
- Relocated to Munich shortly after birth.
- Early education at a Catholic elementary school.
- Later attended the Luitpold Gymnasium, leaving without graduating to avoid military service.
- Completed his secondary education in Aarau, Switzerland.
- Graduated from the Swiss Federal Polytechnic in Zurich in 1900.
Career and Major Achievements
- Worked as a patent clerk in Bern, Switzerland, from 1902 to 1909.
- Published four groundbreaking papers in 1905, now known as the Annus Mirabilis papers.
- Developed the theory of special relativity.
- Explained the photoelectric effect, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921.
- Developed the theory of general relativity.
- Professor at the University of Zurich, Charles University in Prague, and ETH Zurich.
- Director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics in Berlin.
- Emigrated to the United States in 1933 due to the rise of Nazism.
- Professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.
- Wrote a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1939, alerting him to the potential of nuclear weapons.
Notable Works
- "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies" (1905) - Introduced special relativity.
- "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?" (1905) - Introduced mass-energy equivalence (E=mc²).
- "On a Heuristic Viewpoint Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" (1905) - Explained the photoelectric effect.
- "Relativity: The Special and the General Theory" (1916) - Popular explanation of his theories.
Legacy and Impact
Albert Einstein revolutionized our understanding of space, time, gravity, and the universe. His theories are fundamental to modern physics and have had a profound impact on technology and our understanding of the cosmos. The impact of the dalbir singh suhag biography of albert einstein is testament to his lasting legacy.